Both Tubing and Pipe are manufactured by the first two methods below. The third is reserved for Tubing only.
Electric Resistance Welded, often abbreviated as ERW, is a process that uses specific machinery to shape the pipe and tubing. A continuous steel sheet is unwound from a coil and shaped using contoured rollers, forcing the edges together under pressure. These edges are then welded together by heating the material to over 2,000 degrees. After welding, the pipe or tubing is cut into the exact size needed.
Seamless Pipe (and tubing) is made by extruding a steel block or by drilling a solid steel bar. Next, the extrusion or the drilled steel bar is cold drawn through a dye to achieve the diameter and thickness needed. Because this process can cause mechanical hardening, sometimes the material is annealed and straightened as a final process. Seamless Pipe & Tubing is subdivided as:
Cold Drawn Seamless, or CDS, exhibits precise tolerances and a good surface finish.
Hot Finished Seamless, or HFS, has less critical tolerances and somewhat scaly finish and is not as strong as CDS.
For Drawn over Mandrel, or DOM tubing, the first stages of manufacturing are identical to ones used to make electric resistance welded tubing, but in the finishing stages the entire flash weld is taken out and the tube is cold drawn over a mandrel. A mandrel is a round object against which material can be forged or shaped. The cold drawn process provides the tube with better dimensional tolerances, improved surface finish and the strongest weld strength achievable.
Typical Pipe Coatings & Finishes:
Galvanized - Covered with a protective zinc coating on steel to prevent the material from rusting. The process can be hot-dip-galvanizing where the material is dipped in molten zinc or Electro-Galvanized where the steel sheet from which the pipe is made was galvanized during production by an electro-chemical reaction.
Uncoated - Uncoated Pipe
Black Coated - Coated with a dark colored iron-oxide
Red Primed - Red Oxide Primed used as a base coat for ferrous metals, gives iron and steel surfaces a layer of protection
Product Specification
Available grades and size range
Carbon steel is an alloy with carbon and iron, with carbon content up to 2.1% by weight. The increase in the carbon percentage will raise steel's hardness and strength, but it will be less ductile. Carbon steel has good properties in hardness and strength, and it is less expensive than other steels.
ASTM A106 Seamless carbon steel tube
ASTM A106/ASME SA106 is the standard specification for seamless carbon steel pipe applied for high temperature services. It includes three grades A, B and C, and common use grade is A106 Grade B. It used in different industries not only for pipeline systems like oil and gas, water, mineral slurry transmission, but also for boiler, construction, structural purposes.
ASTM A106 Grade B pipe is equivalent to ASTM A53 Grade B and API 5L B on chemical position and mechanical properties, in general use carbon steel and yiled strength minimum 240 MPa, tensile strength 415 Mpa.
Description
1. Standards: ASTM A106 (ASME SA106)
2. Products mainly used: apply to bending, curling and similar forming process.
3. The main products of steel / steel grade: Gr.A, Gr.B, Gr.C.
4. Specifications: diameter: 10.3 to 114.3 mm thickness: 0.8 to 12 mm Length: 6 m above, and, in accordance with customer demand, supply and other specifications of steel pipe.
5. Chemical composition and mechanical properties
6. JIS Number and Corrensponding Foreign Standards
Chemical Composition And Mechanical Properties
| Grade | Chemical Compositions | |||||||||
| C | Mn | P | S | Si | Cr | Cu | Mo | Ni | V | |
| A106-A | ≤0.25 | 0.27-0.93 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | ≥0.10 | ≤0.40 | ≤0.40 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.40 | ≤0.08 |
| A106-B | ≤0.30 | 0.29-1.06 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | ≥0.10 | ≤0.40 | ≤0.40 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.40 | ≤0.08 |
| A106-C | ≤0.35 | 0.29-1.06 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | ≥0.10 | ≤0.40 | ≤0.40 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.40 | ≤0.08 |
| Grade | Mechanical Properties | |||||||||
| Tensile Strength(Mpa) | Yield Strength(Mpa) | Elongation(%) | ||||||||
| A106-A | ≥330 | ≥205 | 30 | |||||||
| A106-B | ≥415 | ≥240 | 30 | |||||||
| A106-C | ≥485 | ≥275 | 30 | |||||||
API 5L PSL 1 / PSL 2 Chemical Composition:
| Standard | Product specification category |
Steel Grade |
Chemical Composite | ||||||||
| C | Mn | P | S | Si | V | Nb | Ti | CEpcm | |||
| API 5L | PSL 1 | L210 or A | ≤0.22 | ≤0.90 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.25 | ||||
| L245 or B | ≤0.28 | ≤1.20 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.25 | ||||||
| L290 or X42 | ≤0.28 | ≤1.30 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.25 | ||||||
| L320 or X46 | ≤0.28 | ≤1.40 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.25 | ||||||
| L360 or X52 | ≤0.28 | ≤1.40 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.25 | ||||||
| L390 or X56 | ≤0.28 | ≤1.40 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.25 | ||||||
| L415 or X60 | ≤0.28 | ≤1.40 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.25 | ||||||
| PSL 2 | L245R or BR | ≤0.24 | ≤1.20 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 | ≤0.40 | C | C | ≤0.04 | ≤0.25 | |
| L290R or X42R | ≤0.24 | ≤1.20 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 | ≤0.40 | ≤0.06 | ≤0.05 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.25 | ||
| L245N or BN | ≤0.24 | ≤1.20 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 | ≤0.40 | C | C | ≤0.04 | ≤0.25 | ||
| L290N or X42N | ≤0.24 | ≤1.20 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 | ≤0.40 | ≤0.06 | ≤0.05 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.25 | ||
| L320N or X46N | ≤0.24 | ≤1.40 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 | ≤0.40 | ≤0.07 | ≤0.05 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.25 | ||
| L360N or X52N | ≤0.24 | ≤1.40 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 | ≤0.45 | ≤0.10 | ≤0.05 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.25 | ||
| L390N or X56N | ≤0.24 | ≤1.40 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 | ≤0.45 | ≤0.10 | ≤0.05 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.25 | ||
| L415N or X60N | ≤0.24 | ≤1,40 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 | ≤0.45 | ≤0.10 | ≤0.05 | ≤0.04 | Negotiate | ||
| Standard | Product specification category | Steel Grade | Yield Strength | Tensile Strength |
| API 5L | PSL 1 | L210 or A | 210 | 335 |
| L245 or B | 245 | 415 | ||
| L290 or x42 | 290 | 415 | ||
| L320 or X46 | 320 | 435 | ||
| L360 or X52 | 360 | 460 | ||
| L390 or X56 | 390 | 490 | ||
| L415 or X60 | 415 | 520 | ||
| PSL 2 | L245R or BR | 245~450 | 415~760 | |
| L290R or X42R | 290~495 | 415~760 | ||
| L245N or BN | 245~450 | 415~760 | ||
| L290N or X42N | 290~495 | 415~760 | ||
| L320N or X46N | 320~525 | 435~760 | ||
| L360N or X52N | 360~530 | 460~760 | ||
| L390N or X56N | 390~545 | 490~760 | ||
| L415N or X60N | 415~565 | 520~760 |
| API 5L ASTM A53 A106 Standard Wall Thickness | |||||||
| DN | Diameter | SCH40 (6m/5.8m) | SCH80(6m/5.8m) | SCH160(6m/5.8m) | |||
| INCH | (mm) | Wall Thickness (mm) |
Unit Weight (kg/piece) |
Wall Thickness (mm) |
Unit Weight (kg/piece) |
Wall Thickness (mm) |
Unit Weight (kg/piece) |
| 1/4" | 13.7 | 2.24 | 3.79 | 3.02 | 4.80 | ||
| 3/8" | 17.1 | 2.31 | 5.04 | 3.20 | 6.60 | ||
| 1/2" | 21.3 | 2.77 | 7.62 | 3.73 | 9.72 | 4.78 | 11.7 |
| 3/4" | 26.7 | 2.87 | 10.14 | 3.91 | 13.2 | 5.56 | 17.4 |
| 1" | 33.4 | 3.38 | 15.00 | 4.55 | 19.44 | 6.35 | 25.44 |
| 1-1/4" | 42.2 | 3.56 | 20.34 | 4.85 | 26.82 | 6.35 | 33.66 |
| 1-1/2" | 48.3 | 3.68 | 24.30 | 5.08 | 32.46 | 7.14 | 43.5 |
| 2" | 60.3 | 3.91 | 32.64 | 5.54 | 44.88 | 8.74 | 66.66 |
| 2-1/2" | 73.0 | 5.16 | 51.78 | 7.01 | 68.46 | 9.53 | 89.52 |
| 3" | 88.9 | 5.49 | 67.74 | 7.62 | 91.62 | 11.13 | 128.1 |
| 3-1/2" | 101.6 | 5.74 | 81.42 | 8.08 | 111.78 | ||
| 4" | 114.3 | 6.02 | 96.42 | 8.56 | 133.92 | 13.49 | 201.24 |
| 5" | 141.3 | 6.55 | 130.62 | 9.53 | 185.82 | 15.88 | 294.66 |
| 6" | 168.3 | 7.11 | 169.56 | 10.97 | 255.36 | 18.26 | 405.36 |
| 8" | 219.1 | 8.18 | 255.3 | 12.70 | 387.84 | 23.01 | 667.62 |
| 10" | 273.0 | 9.27 | 361.86 | 15.09 | 576.06 | 28.58 | 1033.98 |
| 12" | 323.8 | 10.31 | 478.38 | 17.48 | 792.48 | 33.32 | 1432.56 |